2026 -- S 2684

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LC005330

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     STATE OF RHODE ISLAND

IN GENERAL ASSEMBLY

JANUARY SESSION, A.D. 2026

____________

A N   A C T

RELATING TO TAXATION -- SALES AND USE TAXES -- LIABILITY AND

COMPUTATION

     Introduced By: Senators Burke, Bissaillon, Thompson, Famiglietti, Patalano, and
Raptakis

     Date Introduced: February 27, 2026

     Referred To: Senate Finance

     It is enacted by the General Assembly as follows:

     SECTION 1. Sections 44-18-7.3 and 44-18-30 of the General Laws in Chapter 44-18

entitled "Sales and Use Taxes — Liability and Computation" are hereby amended to read as

follows:

     44-18-7.3. Services defined.

     (a) “Services” means all activities engaged in for other persons for a fee, retainer,

commission, or other monetary charge, which activities involve the performance of a service in this

state as distinguished from selling property.

     (b) The following businesses and services performed in this state, along with the applicable

2017 North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS) codes, are included in the

definition of services:

     (1) Taxicab and limousine services including but not limited to:

     (i) Taxicab services including taxi dispatchers (485310); and

     (ii) Limousine services (485320).

     (2) Other road transportation service including but not limited to:

     (i) Charter bus service (485510);

     (ii) “Transportation network companies” (TNC) defined as an entity that uses a digital

network to connect transportation network company riders to transportation network operators who

provide prearranged rides. Any TNC operating in this state is a retailer as provided in § 44-18-15

and is required to file a business application and registration form and obtain a permit to make sales

at retail with the tax administrator, to charge, collect, and remit Rhode Island sales and use tax; and

     (iii) All other transit and ground passenger transportation (485999).

     (3) Pet care services (812910) except veterinary and testing laboratories services.

     (4)(i) “Room reseller” or “reseller” means any person, except a tour operator as defined in

§ 42-63.1-2, having any right, permission, license, or other authority from or through a hotel as

defined in § 42-63.1-2, to reserve, or arrange the transfer of occupancy of, accommodations the

reservation or transfer of which is subject to this chapter, such that the occupant pays all or a portion

of the rental and other fees to the room reseller or reseller. Room reseller or reseller shall include,

but not be limited to, sellers of travel packages as defined in this section. Notwithstanding the

provisions of any other law, where said reservation or transfer of occupancy is done using a room

reseller or reseller, the application of the sales and use tax under §§ 44-18-18 and 44-18-20, and

the hotel tax under § 44-18-36.1 shall be as follows: The room reseller or reseller is required to

register with, and shall collect and pay to, the tax administrator the sales and use and hotel taxes,

with said taxes being calculated upon the amount of rental and other fees paid by the occupant to

the room reseller or reseller, less the amount of any rental and other fees paid by the room reseller

or reseller to the hotel. The hotel shall collect and pay to the tax administrator said taxes upon the

amount of rental and other fees paid to the hotel by the room reseller or reseller and/or the occupant.

No assessment shall be made by the tax administrator against a hotel because of an incorrect

remittance of the taxes under this chapter by a room reseller or reseller. No assessment shall be

made by the tax administrator against a room reseller or reseller because of an incorrect remittance

of the taxes under this chapter by a hotel. If the hotel has paid the taxes imposed under this chapter,

the occupant and/or room reseller or reseller, as applicable, shall reimburse the hotel for said taxes.

If the room reseller or reseller has paid said taxes, the occupant shall reimburse the room reseller

or reseller for said taxes. Each hotel and room reseller or reseller shall add and collect, from the

occupant or the room reseller or the reseller, the full amount of the taxes imposed on the rental and

other fees. When added to the rental and other fees, the taxes shall be a debt owed by the occupant

to the hotel or room reseller or reseller, as applicable, and shall be recoverable at law in the same

manner as other debts. The amount of the taxes collected by the hotel and/or room reseller or

reseller from the occupant under this chapter shall be stated and charged separately from the rental

and other fees, and shall be shown separately on all records thereof, whether made at the time the

transfer of occupancy occurs, or on any evidence of the transfer issued or used by the hotel or the

room reseller or the reseller. A room reseller or reseller shall not be required to disclose to the

occupant the amount of tax charged by the hotel; provided, however, the room reseller or reseller

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shall represent to the occupant that the separately stated taxes charged by the room reseller or

reseller include taxes charged by the hotel. No person shall operate a hotel in this state, or act as a

room reseller or reseller for any hotel in the state, unless the tax administrator has issued a permit

pursuant to § 44-19-1.

     (ii) “Travel package” means a room, or rooms, bundled with one or more other, separate

components of travel such as air transportation, car rental, or similar items, which travel package

is charged to the customer or occupant for a single, retail price. When the room occupancy is

bundled for a single consideration, with other property, services, amusement charges, or any other

items, the separate sale of which would not otherwise be subject to tax under this chapter, the entire

single consideration shall be treated as the rental or other fees for room occupancy subject to tax

under this chapter; provided, however, that where the amount of the rental, or other fees for room

occupancy is stated separately from the price of such other property, services, amusement charges,

or other items, on any sales slip, invoice, receipt, or other statement given the occupant, and such

rental and other fees are determined by the tax administrator to be reasonable in relation to the

value of such other property, services, amusement charges, or other items, only such separately

stated rental and other fees will be subject to tax under this chapter. The value of the transfer of any

room, or rooms, bundled as part of a travel package may be determined by the tax administrator

from the room reseller’s and/or reseller’s and/or hotel’s books and records that are kept in the

regular course of business.

     (5) Investigation, Guard, and Armored Car Services (561611, 561612 & 561613).

     (6) “Parking services” (812930) means the act of offering a parking space in or on a parking

facility for purposes of occupancy by a patron in exchange for a parking fee for a duration of less

than one month; provided, however, that “parking services” shall not include the act of offering a

parking space to a patron for one hour or less, in or on a parking facility on which a commercial

establishment is located.

     (c) All services as defined herein are required to file a business application and registration

form and obtain a permit to make sales at retail with the tax administrator, to charge, collect, and

remit Rhode Island sales and use tax.

     (d) The tax administrator is authorized to promulgate rules and regulations in accordance

with the provisions of chapter 35 of title 42 to carry out the provisions, policies, and purposes of

this chapter.

     44-18-30. Gross receipts exempt from sales and use taxes.

     There are exempted from the taxes imposed by this chapter the following gross receipts:

     (1) Sales and uses beyond constitutional power of state. From the sale and from the storage,

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use, or other consumption in this state of tangible personal property the gross receipts from the sale

of which, or the storage, use, or other consumption of which, this state is prohibited from taxing

under the Constitution of the United States or under the constitution of this state.

     (2) Newspapers.

     (i) From the sale and from the storage, use, or other consumption in this state of any

newspaper.

     (ii) “Newspaper” means an unbound publication printed on newsprint that contains news,

editorial comment, opinions, features, advertising matter, and other matters of public interest.

     (iii) “Newspaper” does not include a magazine, handbill, circular, flyer, sales catalog, or

similar item unless the item is printed for, and distributed as, a part of a newspaper.

     (3) School meals. From the sale and from the storage, use, or other consumption in this

state of meals served by public, private, or parochial schools, school districts, colleges, universities,

student organizations, and parent-teacher associations to the students or teachers of a school,

college, or university whether the meals are served by the educational institutions or by a food

service or management entity under contract to the educational institutions.

     (4) Containers.

     (i) From the sale and from the storage, use, or other consumption in this state of:

     (A) Non-returnable containers, including boxes, paper bags, and wrapping materials that

are biodegradable and all bags and wrapping materials utilized in the medical and healing arts,

when sold without the contents to persons who place the contents in the container and sell the

contents with the container.

     (B) Containers when sold with the contents if the sale price of the contents is not required

to be included in the measure of the taxes imposed by this chapter.

     (C) Returnable containers when sold with the contents in connection with a retail sale of

the contents or when resold for refilling.

     (D) Keg and barrel containers, whether returnable or not, when sold to alcoholic beverage

producers who place the alcoholic beverages in the containers.

     (ii) As used in this subdivision, the term “returnable containers” means containers of a kind

customarily returned by the buyer of the contents for reuse. All other containers are “non-returnable

containers.”

     (5)(i) Charitable, educational, and religious organizations. From the sale to, as in defined

in this section, and from the storage, use, and other consumption in this state, or any other state of

the United States of America, of tangible personal property by hospitals not operated for a profit;

“educational institutions” as defined in subdivision (18) not operated for a profit; churches,

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orphanages, and other institutions or organizations operated exclusively for religious or charitable

purposes; interest-free loan associations not operated for profit; nonprofit, organized sporting

leagues and associations and bands for boys and girls under the age of nineteen (19) years; the

following vocational student organizations that are state chapters of national vocational student

organizations: Distributive Education Clubs of America (DECA); Future Business Leaders of

America, Phi Beta Lambda (FBLA/PBL); Future Farmers of America (FFA); Future Homemakers

of America/Home Economics Related Occupations (FHA/HERD); Vocational Industrial Clubs of

America (VICA); organized nonprofit golden age and senior citizens clubs for men and women;

and parent-teacher associations; and from the sale, storage, use, and other consumption in this state,

of and by the Industrial Foundation of Burrillville, a Rhode Island domestic nonprofit corporation.

     (ii) In the case of contracts entered into with the federal government, its agencies, or

instrumentalities, this state, or any other state of the United States of America, its agencies, any

city, town, district, or other political subdivision of the states; hospitals not operated for profit;

educational institutions not operated for profit; churches, orphanages, and other institutions or

organizations operated exclusively for religious or charitable purposes, the contractor may purchase

such materials and supplies (materials and/or supplies are defined as those that are essential to the

project) that are to be utilized in the construction of the projects being performed under the contracts

without payment of the tax.

     (iii) The contractor shall not charge any sales or use tax to any exempt agency, institution,

or organization but shall in that instance provide his or her suppliers with certificates in the form

as determined by the division of taxation showing the reason for exemption and the contractor’s

records must substantiate the claim for exemption by showing the disposition of all property so

purchased. If any property is then used for a nonexempt purpose, the contractor must pay the tax

on the property used.

     (6) Gasoline. From the sale and from the storage, use, or other consumption in this state

of: (i) Gasoline and other products taxed under chapter 36 of title 31 and (ii) Fuels used for the

propulsion of airplanes.

     (7) Purchase for manufacturing purposes.

     (i) From the sale and from the storage, use, or other consumption in this state of computer

software, tangible personal property, electricity, natural gas, artificial gas, steam, refrigeration, and

water, when the property or service is purchased for the purpose of being manufactured into a

finished product for resale and becomes an ingredient, component, or integral part of the

manufactured, compounded, processed, assembled, or prepared product, or if the property or

service is consumed in the process of manufacturing for resale computer software, tangible personal

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property, electricity, natural gas, artificial gas, steam, refrigeration, or water.

     (ii) “Consumed” means destroyed, used up, or worn out to the degree or extent that the

property cannot be repaired, reconditioned, or rendered fit for further manufacturing use.

     (iii) “Consumed” includes mere obsolescence.

     (iv) “Manufacturing” means and includes: manufacturing, compounding, processing,

assembling, preparing, or producing.

     (v) “Process of manufacturing” means and includes all production operations performed in

the producing or processing room, shop, or plant, insofar as the operations are a part of and

connected with the manufacturing for resale of tangible personal property, electricity, natural gas,

artificial gas, steam, refrigeration, or water and all production operations performed insofar as the

operations are a part of and connected with the manufacturing for resale of computer software.

     (vi) “Process of manufacturing” does not mean or include administration operations such

as general office operations, accounting, collection, or sales promotion, nor does it mean or include

distribution operations that occur subsequent to production operations, such as handling, storing,

selling, and transporting the manufactured products, even though the administration and

distribution operations are performed by, or in connection with, a manufacturing business.

     (8) State and political subdivisions. From the sale to, and from the storage, use, or other

consumption by, this state, any city, town, district, or other political subdivision of this state. Every

redevelopment agency created pursuant to chapter 31 of title 45 is deemed to be a subdivision of

the municipality where it is located.

     (9) Food and food ingredients. From the sale and storage, use, or other consumption in this

state of food and food ingredients as defined in § 44-18-7.1(l).

     For the purposes of this exemption “food and food ingredients” shall not include candy,

soft drinks, dietary supplements, alcoholic beverages, tobacco, food sold through vending

machines, or prepared food, as those terms are defined in § 44-18-7.1, unless the prepared food is:

     (i) Sold by a seller whose primary NAICS classification is manufacturing in sector 311,

except sub-sector 3118 (bakeries);

     (ii) Sold in an unheated state by weight or volume as a single item;

     (iii) Bakery items, including: bread, rolls, buns, biscuits, bagels, croissants, pastries,

donuts, danish, cakes, tortes, pies, tarts, muffins, bars, cookies, tortillas; and

     is not sold with utensils provided by the seller, including: plates, knives, forks, spoons,

glasses, cups, napkins, or straws.

     (10) Medicines, drugs, and durable medical equipment. From the sale and from the storage,

use, or other consumption in this state, of:

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     (i) “Drugs” as defined in § 44-18-7.1(h)(i), sold on prescriptions, medical oxygen, and

insulin whether or not sold on prescription. For purposes of this exemption drugs shall not include

over-the-counter drugs and grooming and hygiene products as defined in § 44-18-7.1(h)(iii).

     (ii) Durable medical equipment as defined in § 44-18-7.1(k) for home use only, including,

but not limited to: syringe infusers, ambulatory drug delivery pumps, hospital beds, convalescent

chairs, and chair lifts. Supplies used in connection with syringe infusers and ambulatory drug

delivery pumps that are sold on prescription to individuals to be used by them to dispense or

administer prescription drugs, and related ancillary dressings and supplies used to dispense or

administer prescription drugs, shall also be exempt from tax.

     (11) Prosthetic devices and mobility enhancing equipment. From the sale and from the

storage, use, or other consumption in this state, of prosthetic devices as defined in § 44-18-7.1(t),

sold on prescription, including, but not limited to: artificial limbs, dentures, spectacles, eyeglasses,

and artificial eyes; artificial hearing devices and hearing aids, whether or not sold on prescription;

and mobility enhancing equipment as defined in § 44-18-7.1(p), including wheelchairs, crutches,

and canes.

     (12) Coffins, caskets, urns, shrouds and burial garments. From the sale and from the

storage, use, or other consumption in this state of coffins, caskets, burial containers, urns, urn liners,

urn vaults, grave liners, grave vaults, burial tent setups, prayer cards, shrouds, and other burial

garments that are ordinarily sold by a funeral director as part of the business of funeral directing.

     (13) Motor vehicles sold to nonresidents.

     (i) From the sale, subsequent to June 30, 1958, of a motor vehicle to a bona fide nonresident

of this state who does not register the motor vehicle in this state, whether the sale or delivery of the

motor vehicle is made in this state or at the place of residence of the nonresident. A motor vehicle

sold to a bona fide nonresident whose state of residence does not allow a like exemption to its

nonresidents is not exempt from the tax imposed under § 44-18-20. In that event, the bona fide

nonresident pays a tax to Rhode Island on the sale at a rate equal to the rate that would be imposed

in his or her state of residence not to exceed the rate that would have been imposed under § 44-18-

20. Notwithstanding any other provisions of law, a licensed motor vehicle dealer shall add and

collect the tax required under this subdivision and remit the tax to the tax administrator under the

provisions of chapters 18 and 19 of this title. When a Rhode Island licensed, motor vehicle dealer

is required to add and collect the sales and use tax on the sale of a motor vehicle to a bona fide

nonresident as provided in this section, the dealer in computing the tax takes into consideration the

law of the state of the nonresident as it relates to the trade-in of motor vehicles.

     (ii) The tax administrator, in addition to the provisions of §§ 44-19-27 and 44-19-28, may

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require any licensed motor vehicle dealer to keep records of sales to bona fide nonresidents as the

tax administrator deems reasonably necessary to substantiate the exemption provided in this

subdivision, including the affidavit of a licensed motor vehicle dealer that the purchaser of the

motor vehicle was the holder of, and had in his or her possession a valid out-of-state motor vehicle

registration or a valid out-of-state driver’s license.

     (iii) Any nonresident who registers a motor vehicle in this state within ninety (90) days of

the date of its sale to him or her is deemed to have purchased the motor vehicle for use, storage, or

other consumption in this state, and is subject to, and liable for, the use tax imposed under the

provisions of § 44-18-20.

     (14) Sales in public buildings by blind people. From the sale and from the storage, use, or

other consumption in all public buildings in this state of all products or wares by any person

licensed under § 40-9-11.1.

     (15) Air and water pollution control facilities. From the sale, storage, use, or other

consumption in this state of tangible personal property or supplies acquired for incorporation into

or used and consumed in the operation of a facility, the primary purpose of which is to aid in the

control of the pollution or contamination of the waters or air of the state, as defined in chapter 12

of title 46 and chapter 23 of title 23, respectively, and that has been certified as approved for that

purpose by the director of environmental management. The director of environmental management

may certify to a portion of the tangible personal property or supplies acquired for incorporation

into those facilities or used and consumed in the operation of those facilities to the extent that that

portion has as its primary purpose the control of the pollution or contamination of the waters or air

of this state. As used in this subdivision, “facility” means any land, facility, device, building,

machinery, or equipment.

     (16) Camps. From the rental charged for living quarters, or sleeping, or housekeeping

accommodations at camps or retreat houses operated by religious, charitable, educational, or other

organizations and associations mentioned in subsection (5), or by privately owned and operated

summer camps for children.

     (17) Certain institutions. From the rental charged for living or sleeping quarters in an

institution licensed by the state for the hospitalization, custodial, or nursing care of human beings.

     (18) Educational institutions. From the rental charged by any educational institution for

living quarters, or sleeping, or housekeeping accommodations or other rooms or accommodations

to any student or teacher necessitated by attendance at an educational institution. “Educational

institution” as used in this section means an institution of learning not operated for profit that is

empowered to confer diplomas, educational, literary, or academic degrees; that has a regular

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faculty, curriculum, and organized body of pupils or students in attendance throughout the usual

school year; that keeps and furnishes to students and others records required and accepted for

entrance to schools of secondary, collegiate, or graduate rank; and no part of the net earnings of

which inures to the benefit of any individual.

     (19) Motor vehicle and adaptive equipment for persons with disabilities.

     (i) From the sale of: (A) Special adaptations; (B) The component parts of the special

adaptations; or (C) A specially adapted motor vehicle; provided that the owner furnishes to the tax

administrator an affidavit of a licensed physician to the effect that the specially adapted motor

vehicle is necessary to transport a family member with a disability or where the vehicle has been

specially adapted to meet the specific needs of the person with a disability. This exemption applies

to not more than one motor vehicle owned and registered for personal, noncommercial use.

     (ii) For the purpose of this subsection the term “special adaptations” includes, but is not

limited to: wheelchair lifts, wheelchair carriers, wheelchair ramps, wheelchair securements, hand

controls, steering devices, extensions, relocations, and crossovers of operator controls, power-

assisted controls, raised tops or dropped floors, raised entry doors, or alternative signaling devices

to auditory signals.

     (iii) From the sale of: (a) Special adaptations, (b) The component parts of the special

adaptations, for a “wheelchair accessible taxicab” as defined in § 39-14-1, and/or a “wheelchair

accessible public motor vehicle” as defined in § 39-14.1-1.

     (iv) For the purpose of this subdivision the exemption for a “specially adapted motor

vehicle” means a use tax credit not to exceed the amount of use tax that would otherwise be due on

the motor vehicle, exclusive of any adaptations. The use tax credit is equal to the cost of the special

adaptations, including installation.

     (20) Heating fuels. From the sale and from the storage, use, or other consumption in this

state of every type of heating fuel.

     (21) Electricity and gas. From the sale and from the storage, use, or other consumption in

this state of electricity and gas.

     (22) Manufacturing machinery and equipment.

     (i) From the sale and from the storage, use, or other consumption in this state of tools, dies,

molds, machinery, equipment (including replacement parts), and related items to the extent used in

an industrial plant in connection with the actual manufacture, conversion, or processing of tangible

personal property, or to the extent used in connection with the actual manufacture, conversion, or

processing of computer software as that term is utilized in industry numbers 7371, 7372, and 7373

in the standard industrial classification manual prepared by the Technical Committee on Industrial

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Classification, Office of Statistical Standards, Executive Office of the President, United States

Bureau of the Budget, as revised from time to time, to be sold, or that machinery and equipment

used in the furnishing of power to an industrial manufacturing plant. For the purposes of this

subdivision, “industrial plant” means a factory at a fixed location primarily engaged in the

manufacture, conversion, or processing of tangible personal property to be sold in the regular

course of business;

     (ii) Machinery and equipment and related items are not deemed to be used in connection

with the actual manufacture, conversion, or processing of tangible personal property, or in

connection with the actual manufacture, conversion, or processing of computer software as that

term is utilized in industry numbers 7371, 7372, and 7373 in the standard industrial classification

manual prepared by the Technical Committee on Industrial Classification, Office of Statistical

Standards, Executive Office of the President, United States Bureau of the Budget, as revised from

time to time, to be sold to the extent the property is used in administration or distribution operations;

     (iii) Machinery and equipment and related items used in connection with the actual

manufacture, conversion, or processing of any computer software or any tangible personal property

that is not to be sold and that would be exempt under subdivision (7) or this subdivision if purchased

from a vendor or machinery and equipment and related items used during any manufacturing,

converting, or processing function is exempt under this subdivision even if that operation, function,

or purpose is not an integral or essential part of a continuous production flow or manufacturing

process;

     (iv) Where a portion of a group of portable or mobile machinery is used in connection with

the actual manufacture, conversion, or processing of computer software or tangible personal

property to be sold, as previously defined, that portion, if otherwise qualifying, is exempt under

this subdivision even though the machinery in that group is used interchangeably and not otherwise

identifiable as to use.

     (23) Trade-in value of motor vehicles. From the sale and from the storage, use, or other

consumption in this state of so much of the purchase price paid for a new or used automobile as is

allocated for a trade-in allowance on the automobile of the buyer given in trade to the seller, or of

the proceeds applicable only to the automobile as are received from the manufacturer of

automobiles for the repurchase of the automobile whether the repurchase was voluntary or not

towards the purchase of a new or used automobile by the buyer. For the purpose of this subdivision,

the word “automobile” means a private passenger automobile not used for hire and does not refer

to any other type of motor vehicle.

     (24) Precious metal bullion.

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     (i) From the sale and from the storage, use, or other consumption in this state of precious

metal bullion, substantially equivalent to a transaction in securities or commodities.

     (ii) For purposes of this subdivision, “precious metal bullion” means any elementary

precious metal that has been put through a process of smelting or refining, including, but not limited

to: gold, silver, platinum, rhodium, and chromium, and that is in a state or condition that its value

depends upon its content and not upon its form.

     (iii) The term does not include fabricated precious metal that has been processed or

manufactured for some one or more specific and customary industrial, professional, or artistic uses.

     (25) Commercial vessels. From sales made to a commercial ship, barge, or other vessel of

fifty (50) tons burden or over, primarily engaged in interstate or foreign commerce, and from the

repair, alteration, or conversion of the vessels, and from the sale of property purchased for the use

of the vessels including provisions, supplies, and material for the maintenance and/or repair of the

vessels.

     (26) Commercial fishing vessels. From the sale and from the storage, use, or other

consumption in this state of vessels and other watercraft that are in excess of five (5) net tons and

that are used exclusively for “commercial fishing,” as defined in this subdivision, and from the

repair, alteration, or conversion of those vessels and other watercraft, and from the sale of property

purchased for the use of those vessels and other watercraft including provisions, supplies, and

material for the maintenance and/or repair of the vessels and other watercraft and the boats nets,

cables, tackle, and other fishing equipment appurtenant to or used in connection with the

commercial fishing of the vessels and other watercraft. “Commercial fishing” means taking or

attempting to take any fish, shellfish, crustacea, or bait species with the intent of disposing of it for

profit or by sale, barter, trade, or in commercial channels. The term does not include subsistence

fishing, i.e., the taking for personal use and not for sale or barter; or sport fishing; but shall include

vessels and other watercraft with a Rhode Island party and charter boat license issued by the

department of environmental management pursuant to § 20-2-27.1 that meet the following criteria:

(i) The operator must have a current United States Coast Guard (U.S.C.G.) license to carry

passengers for hire; (ii) U.S.C.G. vessel documentation in the coast wide fishery trade; (iii)

U.S.C.G. vessel documentation as to proof of Rhode Island home port status or a Rhode Island boat

registration to prove Rhode Island home port status; and (iv) The vessel must be used as a

commercial passenger carrying fishing vessel to carry passengers for fishing. The vessel must be

able to demonstrate that at least fifty percent (50%) of its annual gross income derives from charters

or provides documentation of a minimum of one hundred (100) charter trips annually; and (v) The

vessel must have a valid Rhode Island party and charter boat license. The tax administrator shall

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implement the provisions of this subdivision by promulgating rules and regulations relating thereto.

     (27) Clothing and footwear. From the sales of articles of clothing, including footwear,

intended to be worn or carried on or about the human body for sales prior to October 1, 2012.

Effective October 1, 2012, the exemption will apply to the sales of articles of clothing, including

footwear, intended to be worn or carried on or about the human body up to two hundred and fifty

dollars ($250) of the sales price per item. For the purposes of this section, “clothing or footwear”

does not include clothing accessories or equipment or special clothing or footwear primarily

designed for athletic activity or protective use as these terms are defined in § 44-18-7.1(f). In

recognition of the work being performed by the streamlined sales and use tax governing board,

upon passage of any federal law that authorizes states to require remote sellers to collect and remit

sales and use taxes, this unlimited exemption will apply as it did prior to October 1, 2012. The

unlimited exemption on sales of clothing and footwear shall take effect on the date that the state

requires remote sellers to collect and remit sales and use taxes.

     (28) Water for residential use. From the sale and from the storage, use, or other

consumption in this state of water furnished for domestic use by occupants of residential premises.

     (29) Bibles. [Unconstitutional; see Ahlburn v. Clark, 728 A.2d 449 (R.I. 1999); see Notes

to Decisions.] From the sale and from the storage, use, or other consumption in the state of any

canonized scriptures of any tax-exempt nonprofit religious organization including, but not limited

to, the Old Testament and the New Testament versions.

     (30) Boats.

     (i) From the sale of a boat or vessel to a bona fide nonresident of this state who does not

register the boat or vessel in this state or document the boat or vessel with the United States

government at a home port within the state, whether the sale or delivery of the boat or vessel is

made in this state or elsewhere; provided, that the nonresident transports the boat within thirty (30)

days after delivery by the seller outside the state for use thereafter solely outside the state.

     (ii) The tax administrator, in addition to the provisions of §§ 44-19-27 and 44-19-28, may

require the seller of the boat or vessel to keep records of the sales to bona fide nonresidents as the

tax administrator deems reasonably necessary to substantiate the exemption provided in this

subdivision, including the affidavit of the seller that the buyer represented himself or herself to be

a bona fide nonresident of this state and of the buyer that he or she is a nonresident of this state.

     (31) Youth activities equipment. From the sale, storage, use, or other consumption in this

state of items for not more than twenty dollars ($20.00) each by nonprofit Rhode Island

eleemosynary organizations, for the purposes of youth activities that the organization is formed to

sponsor and support; and by accredited elementary and secondary schools for the purposes of the

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schools or of organized activities of the enrolled students.

     (32) Farm equipment. From the sale and from the storage or use of machinery and

equipment used directly for commercial farming and agricultural production; including, but not

limited to: tractors, ploughs, harrows, spreaders, seeders, milking machines, silage conveyors,

balers, bulk milk storage tanks, trucks with farm plates, mowers, combines, irrigation equipment,

greenhouses and greenhouse coverings, graders and packaging machines, tools and supplies and

other farming equipment, including replacement parts appurtenant to or used in connection with

commercial farming and tools and supplies used in the repair and maintenance of farming

equipment. “Commercial farming” means the keeping or boarding of five (5) or more horses or the

production within this state of agricultural products, including, but not limited to, field or orchard

crops, livestock, dairy, and poultry, or their products, where the keeping, boarding, or production

provides at least two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500) in annual gross sales to the operator,

whether an individual, a group, a partnership, or a corporation for exemptions issued prior to July

1, 2002. For exemptions issued or renewed after July 1, 2002, there shall be two (2) levels. Level I

shall be based on proof of annual, gross sales from commercial farming of at least twenty-five

hundred dollars ($2,500) and shall be valid for purchases subject to the exemption provided in this

subdivision except for motor vehicles with an excise tax value of five thousand dollars ($5,000) or

greater. Level II shall be based on proof of annual gross sales from commercial farming of at least

ten thousand dollars ($10,000) or greater and shall be valid for purchases subject to the exemption

provided in this subdivision including motor vehicles with an excise tax value of five thousand

dollars ($5,000) or greater. For the initial issuance of the exemptions, proof of the requisite amount

of annual gross sales from commercial farming shall be required for the prior year; for any renewal

of an exemption granted in accordance with this subdivision at either level I or level II, proof of

gross annual sales from commercial farming at the requisite amount shall be required for each of

the prior two (2) years. Certificates of exemption issued or renewed after July 1, 2002, shall clearly

indicate the level of the exemption and be valid for four (4) years after the date of issue. This

exemption applies even if the same equipment is used for ancillary uses, or is temporarily used for

a non-farming or a non-agricultural purpose, but shall not apply to motor vehicles acquired after

July 1, 2002, unless the vehicle is a farm vehicle as defined pursuant to § 31-1-8 and is eligible for

registration displaying farm plates as provided for in § 31-3-31.

     (33) Compressed air. From the sale and from the storage, use, or other consumption in the

state of compressed air.

     (34) Flags. From the sale and from the storage, consumption, or other use in this state of

United States, Rhode Island or POW-MIA flags.

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     (35) Motor vehicle and adaptive equipment to certain veterans. From the sale of a motor

vehicle and adaptive equipment to and for the use of a veteran with a service-connected loss of or

the loss of use of a leg, foot, hand, or arm, or any veteran who is a double amputee, whether service

connected or not. The motor vehicle must be purchased by and especially equipped for use by the

qualifying veteran. Certificate of exemption or refunds of taxes paid is granted under rules or

regulations that the tax administrator may prescribe.

     (36) Textbooks. From the sale and from the storage, use, or other consumption in this state

of textbooks by an “educational institution,” as defined in subsection (18) of this section, and any

educational institution within the purview of § 16-63-9(4), and used textbooks by any purveyor.

     (37) Tangible personal property and supplies used in on-site hazardous waste recycling,

reuse, or treatment. From the sale, storage, use, or other consumption in this state of tangible

personal property or supplies used or consumed in the operation of equipment, the exclusive

function of which is the recycling, reuse, or recovery of materials (other than precious metals, as

defined in subdivision (24)(ii) of this section) from the treatment of “hazardous wastes,” as defined

in § 23-19.1-4, where the “hazardous wastes” are generated in Rhode Island solely by the same

taxpayer and where the personal property is located at, in, or adjacent to a generating facility of the

taxpayer in Rhode Island. The taxpayer shall procure an order from the director of the department

of environmental management certifying that the equipment and/or supplies as used or consumed,

qualify for the exemption under this subdivision. If any information relating to secret processes or

methods of manufacture, production, or treatment is disclosed to the department of environmental

management only to procure an order, and is a “trade secret” as defined in § 28-21-10(b), it is not

open to public inspection or publicly disclosed unless disclosure is required under chapter 21 of

title 28 or chapter 24.4 of title 23.

     (38) Promotional and product literature of boat manufacturers. From the sale and from the

storage, use, or other consumption of promotional and product literature of boat manufacturers

shipped to points outside of Rhode Island that either: (i) Accompany the product that is sold; (ii)

Are shipped in bulk to out-of-state dealers for use in the sale of the product; or (iii) Are mailed to

customers at no charge.

     (39) Food items paid for by food stamps. From the sale and from the storage, use, or other

consumption in this state of eligible food items payment for which is properly made to the retailer

in the form of U.S. government food stamps issued in accordance with the Food Stamp Act of 1977,

7 U.S.C. § 2011 et seq.

     (40) Transportation charges. From the sale or hiring of motor carriers as defined in § 39-

12-2(12) to haul goods, when the contract or hiring cost is charged by a motor freight tariff filed

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with the Rhode Island public utilities commission on the number of miles driven or by the number

of hours spent on the job.

     (41) Trade-in value of boats. From the sale and from the storage, use, or other consumption

in this state of so much of the purchase price paid for a new or used boat as is allocated for a trade-

in allowance on the boat of the buyer given in trade to the seller or of the proceeds applicable only

to the boat as are received from an insurance claim as a result of a stolen or damaged boat, towards

the purchase of a new or used boat by the buyer.

     (42) Equipment used for research and development. From the sale and from the storage,

use, or other consumption of equipment to the extent used for research and development purposes

by a qualifying firm. For the purposes of this subsection, “qualifying firm” means a business for

which the use of research and development equipment is an integral part of its operation and

“equipment” means scientific equipment, computers, software, and related items.

     (43) Coins. From the sale and from the other consumption in this state of coins having

numismatic or investment value.

     (44) Farm structure construction materials. Lumber, hardware, and other materials used in

the new construction of farm structures, including production facilities such as, but not limited to:

farrowing sheds, free stall and stanchion barns, milking parlors, silos, poultry barns, laying houses,

fruit and vegetable storages, rooting cellars, propagation rooms, greenhouses, packing rooms,

machinery storage, seasonal farm worker housing, certified farm markets, bunker and trench silos,

feed storage sheds, and any other structures used in connection with commercial farming.

     (45) Telecommunications carrier access service. Carrier access service or

telecommunications service when purchased by a telecommunications company from another

telecommunications company to facilitate the provision of telecommunications service.

     (46) Boats or vessels brought into the state exclusively for winter storage, maintenance,

repair, or sale. Notwithstanding the provisions of §§ 44-18-10, 44-18-11 and 44-18-20, the tax

imposed by § 44-18-20 is not applicable for the period commencing on the first day of October in

any year up to and including the 30th day of April next succeeding with respect to the use of any

boat or vessel within this state exclusively for purposes of: (i) Delivery of the vessel to a facility in

this state for storage, including dry storage and storage in water by means of apparatus preventing

ice damage to the hull, maintenance, or repair; (ii) The actual process of storage, maintenance, or

repair of the boat or vessel; or (iii) Storage for the purpose of selling the boat or vessel.

     (47) Jewelry display product. From the sale and from the storage, use, or other

consumption in this state of tangible personal property used to display any jewelry product;

provided that title to the jewelry display product is transferred by the jewelry manufacturer or seller

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and that the jewelry display product is shipped out of state for use solely outside the state and is not

returned to the jewelry manufacturer or seller.

     (48) Boats or vessels generally. Notwithstanding the provisions of this chapter, the tax

imposed by §§ 44-18-20 and 44-18-18 shall not apply with respect to the sale and to the storage,

use, or other consumption in this state of any new or used boat. The exemption provided for in this

subdivision does not apply after October 1, 1993, unless prior to October 1, 1993, the federal ten

percent (10%) surcharge on luxury boats is repealed.

     (49) Banks and regulated investment companies interstate toll-free calls. Notwithstanding

the provisions of this chapter, the tax imposed by this chapter does not apply to the furnishing of

interstate and international, toll-free terminating telecommunication service that is used directly

and exclusively by or for the benefit of an eligible company as defined in this subdivision; provided

that an eligible company employs on average during the calendar year no less than five hundred

(500) “full-time equivalent employees” as that term is defined in § 42-64.5-2. For purposes of this

section, an “eligible company” means a “regulated investment company” as that term is defined in

the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, 26 U.S.C. § 851, or a corporation to the extent the service is

provided, directly or indirectly, to or on behalf of a regulated investment company, an employee

benefit plan, a retirement plan or a pension plan, or a state-chartered bank.

     (50) Mobile and manufactured homes generally. From the sale and from the storage, use,

or other consumption in this state of mobile and/or manufactured homes as defined and subject to

taxation pursuant to the provisions of chapter 44 of title 31.

     (51) Manufacturing business reconstruction materials.

     (i) From the sale and from the storage, use, or other consumption in this state of lumber,

hardware, and other building materials used in the reconstruction of a manufacturing business

facility that suffers a disaster, as defined in this subdivision, in this state. “Disaster” means any

occurrence, natural or otherwise, that results in the destruction of sixty percent (60%) or more of

an operating manufacturing business facility within this state. “Disaster” does not include any

damage resulting from the willful act of the owner of the manufacturing business facility.

     (ii) Manufacturing business facility includes, but is not limited to, the structures housing

the production and administrative facilities.

     (iii) In the event a manufacturer has more than one manufacturing site in this state, the sixty

percent (60%) provision applies to the damages suffered at that one site.

     (iv) To the extent that the costs of the reconstruction materials are reimbursed by insurance,

this exemption does not apply.

     (52) Tangible personal property and supplies used in the processing or preparation of floral

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products and floral arrangements. From the sale, storage, use, or other consumption in this state of

tangible personal property or supplies purchased by florists, garden centers, or other like producers

or vendors of flowers, plants, floral products, and natural and artificial floral arrangements that are

ultimately sold with flowers, plants, floral products, and natural and artificial floral arrangements

or are otherwise used in the decoration, fabrication, creation, processing, or preparation of flowers,

plants, floral products, or natural and artificial floral arrangements, including descriptive labels,

stickers, and cards affixed to the flower, plant, floral product, or arrangement, artificial flowers,

spray materials, floral paint and tint, plant shine, flower food, insecticide, and fertilizers.

     (53) Horse food products. From the sale and from the storage, use, or other consumption

in this state of horse food products purchased by a person engaged in the business of the boarding

of horses.

     (54) Non-motorized recreational vehicles sold to nonresidents.

     (i) From the sale, subsequent to June 30, 2003, of a non-motorized recreational vehicle to

a bona fide nonresident of this state who does not register the non-motorized recreational vehicle

in this state, whether the sale or delivery of the non-motorized recreational vehicle is made in this

state or at the place of residence of the nonresident; provided that a non-motorized recreational

vehicle sold to a bona fide nonresident whose state of residence does not allow a like exemption to

its nonresidents is not exempt from the tax imposed under § 44-18-20; provided, further, that in

that event the bona fide nonresident pays a tax to Rhode Island on the sale at a rate equal to the rate

that would be imposed in his or her state of residence not to exceed the rate that would have been

imposed under § 44-18-20. Notwithstanding any other provisions of law, a licensed, non-motorized

recreational vehicle dealer shall add and collect the tax required under this subdivision and remit

the tax to the tax administrator under the provisions of chapters 18 and 19 of this title. Provided,

that when a Rhode Island licensed, non-motorized recreational vehicle dealer is required to add and

collect the sales and use tax on the sale of a non-motorized recreational vehicle to a bona fide

nonresident as provided in this section, the dealer in computing the tax takes into consideration the

law of the state of the nonresident as it relates to the trade-in of motor vehicles.

     (ii) The tax administrator, in addition to the provisions of §§ 44-19-27 and 44-19-28, may

require any licensed, non-motorized recreational vehicle dealer to keep records of sales to bona fide

nonresidents as the tax administrator deems reasonably necessary to substantiate the exemption

provided in this subdivision, including the affidavit of a licensed, non-motorized recreational

vehicle dealer that the purchaser of the non-motorized recreational vehicle was the holder of, and

had in his or her possession a valid out-of-state non-motorized recreational vehicle registration or

a valid out-of-state driver’s license.

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     (iii) Any nonresident who registers a non-motorized recreational vehicle in this state within

ninety (90) days of the date of its sale to him or her is deemed to have purchased the non-motorized

recreational vehicle for use, storage, or other consumption in this state, and is subject to, and liable

for, the use tax imposed under the provisions of § 44-18-20.

     (iv) “Non-motorized recreational vehicle” means any portable dwelling designed and

constructed to be used as a temporary dwelling for travel, camping, recreational, and vacation use

that is eligible to be registered for highway use, including, but not limited to, “pick-up coaches” or

“pick-up campers,” “travel trailers,” and “tent trailers” as those terms are defined in chapter 1 of

title 31.

     (55) Sprinkler and fire alarm systems in existing buildings. From the sale in this state of

sprinkler and fire alarm systems; emergency lighting and alarm systems; and the materials

necessary and attendant to the installation of those systems that are required in buildings and

occupancies existing therein in July 2003 in order to comply with any additional requirements for

such buildings arising directly from the enactment of the Comprehensive Fire Safety Act of 2003

and that are not required by any other provision of law or ordinance or regulation adopted pursuant

to that act. The exemption provided in this subdivision shall expire on December 31, 2008.

     (56) Aircraft. Notwithstanding the provisions of this chapter, the tax imposed by §§ 44-

18-18 and 44-18-20 shall not apply with respect to the sale and to the storage, use, or other

consumption in this state of any new or used aircraft or aircraft parts.

     (57) Renewable energy products. Notwithstanding any other provisions of Rhode Island

general laws, the following products shall also be exempt from sales tax: solar photovoltaic

modules or panels, or any module or panel that generates electricity from light; solar thermal

collectors, including, but not limited to, those manufactured with flat glass plates, extruded plastic,

sheet metal, and/or evacuated tubes; geothermal heat pumps, including both water-to-water and

water-to-air type pumps; wind turbines; towers used to mount wind turbines if specified by or sold

by a wind turbine manufacturer; DC to AC inverters that interconnect with utility power lines; and

manufactured mounting racks and ballast pans for solar collector, module, or panel installation. Not

to include materials that could be fabricated into such racks; monitoring and control equipment, if

specified or supplied by a manufacturer of solar thermal, solar photovoltaic, geothermal, or wind

energy systems or if required by law or regulation for such systems but not to include pumps, fans

or plumbing or electrical fixtures unless shipped from the manufacturer affixed to, or an integral

part of, another item specified on this list; and solar storage tanks that are part of a solar domestic

hot water system or a solar space heating system. If the tank comes with an external heat exchanger

it shall also be tax exempt, but a standard hot water tank is not exempt from state sales tax.

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     (58) Returned property. The amount charged for property returned by customers upon

rescission of the contract of sale when the entire amount exclusive of handling charges paid for the

property is refunded in either cash or credit, and where the property is returned within one hundred

twenty (120) days from the date of delivery.

     (59) Dietary supplements. From the sale and from the storage, use, or other consumption

of dietary supplements as defined in § 44-18-7.1(l)(v), sold on prescriptions.

     (60) Blood. From the sale and from the storage, use, or other consumption of human blood.

     (61) Agricultural products for human consumption. From the sale and from the storage,

use, or other consumption of livestock and poultry of the kinds of products that ordinarily constitute

food for human consumption and of livestock of the kind the products of which ordinarily constitute

fibers for human use.

     (62) Diesel emission control technology. From the sale and use of diesel retrofit

technology that is required by § 31-47.3-4.

     (63) Feed for certain animals used in commercial farming. From the sale of feed for

animals as described in subsection (61) of this section.

     (64) Alcoholic beverages. From the sale and storage, use, or other consumption in this

state by a Class A licensee of alcoholic beverages, as defined in § 44-18-7.1, excluding beer and

malt beverages; provided, further, notwithstanding § 6-13-1 or any other general or public law to

the contrary, alcoholic beverages, as defined in § 44-18-7.1, shall not be subject to minimum

markup.

     (65) Seeds and plants used to grow food and food ingredients. From the sale, storage, use,

or other consumption in this state of seeds and plants used to grow food and food ingredients as

defined in § 44-18-7.1(l)(i). “Seeds and plants used to grow food and food ingredients” shall not

include marijuana seeds or plants.

     (66) Feminine hygiene products. From the sale and from the storage, use, or other

consumption of tampons, panty liners, menstrual cups, sanitary napkins, and other similar products

the principal use of which is feminine hygiene in connection with the menstrual cycle.

     (67) “Breast pump collection and storage supplies” means items of tangible personal

property used in conjunction with a breast pump to collect milk expressed from a human breast and

to store collected milk until it is ready for consumption. “Breast pump collection and storage

supplies” include, but are not limited to, breast shields and breast shield connectors; breast pump

tubes and tubing adaptors; breast pump valves and membranes; backflow protectors and backflow

protector adaptors; bottles and bottle caps specific to the operation of the breast pump; breast milk

storage bags; and related items sold as part of a breast pump kit pre-packaged by the breast pump

LC005330 - Page 19 of 21

manufacturer. “Breast pump collection and storage supplies” does not include: bottles and bottle

caps not specific to the operation of the breast pump; breast pump travel bags and other similar

carrying accessories, including ice packs, labels, and other similar products, unless sold as part of

a breast pump kit pre-packed by the breast pump manufacturer; breast pump cleaning supplies,

unless sold as part of a breast pump kit pre-packaged by the breast pump manufacturer; nursing

bras, bra pads, breast shells, and other similar products; and creams, ointments, and other similar

products that relieve breastfeeding-related symptoms or conditions of the breasts or nipples.

     (68) Trade-in value of motorcycles. From the sale and from the storage, use, or other

consumption in this state of so much of the purchase price paid for a new or used motorcycle as is

allocated for a trade-in allowance on the motorcycle of the buyer given in trade to the seller, or of

the proceeds applicable only to the motorcycle as are received from the manufacturer of

motorcycles for the repurchase of the motorcycle whether the repurchase was voluntary or not

towards the purchase of a new or used motorcycle by the buyer. For the purpose of this subsection,

the word “motorcycle” means a motorcycle not used for hire and does not refer to any other type

of motor vehicle.

     (69) Parking services. From the sale and from the storage, use, or other consumption in this

state of so much of the purchase price paid for a parking space to a patron for one hour or less, in

or on a parking facility on which a commercial establishment is located.

     SECTION 2. This act shall take effect upon passage.

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EXPLANATION

BY THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL

OF

A N   A C T

RELATING TO TAXATION -- SALES AND USE TAXES -- LIABILITY AND

COMPUTATION

***

     This act would exempt from sales tax the amount paid for a parking space by a patron for

one hour or less, in or on a parking facility on which a commercial establishment is located.

     This act would take effect upon passage.

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